Free Will And The Human Brain And Our Emotions - 1507 Words

I believe that â€Å"free will† does not exist in any shape or form. â€Å"Free will is the power of acting without the constraint of necessity of fate, the ability to act at one’s own discretion†. Relatively speaking we â€Å"humans† are groups of atoms simply reacting with other groups of atoms. Elaborating on the human brain and our emotions, it demonstrates that since we are conscious an illusion is formed that we have free will when it is all cause and effect. In comparison humans are like robots, we get all of our knowledge from our surroundings and all start off with different software (genetics). Whether it’s from raising your left and right arm to the slightest twitch in your body is all a direct result from external causes. Most people in†¦show more content†¦If your choices are predictable then humans cant choose to do otherwise, and if it is random we do not get a choice. Determinism is vastly supported more by theories in philosophy than free will is. Bandura, a neobehaviourist believed in determinism, and that people would always transform to conform to other people. Bandura specifies that children observe models and the behaviours of people surrounding them. Children are influenced by their parent’s, actors on television or role models they meet at school. Children observe then copy these behaviours and demonstrate them later on in life. Skinner focused mainly on how human’s behaviours are decided by the outside world. Skinner explains, â€Å"When an individual’s behaviour is determined by force or punishment it is clear that there is no act of free will†. One can infer that being scared of committing an offence or crime because of the fear being prosecuted and the fact of going to jail. Besides humans are also shaped by positive reinforcements, an example to this can be being paid an extra bonus for working overtime. When humans are on ice of acting freely this entails that they’re free from negative reinforcements only resulting from the awards of positive reinforcements we had in the past. Freud intensely believed in determinism. Freud believed that humans â€Å"are determined by certain unconscious feelings, outside their consciousness†. In making a truly free decision you

Personal Statement For Public Health Arena - 897 Words

Since I was a child, my family and my teachers used to call me â€Å"Doctor Sumaya†. I grew up believing I needed to be a physician who will help and relieve the suffering of the sick people and serve my community in the best way. My dream had come true, and after high school was finished I joined the Damascus Medical School at 2008. My study in the medical school gave me a great opportunity to explore health problems in my community. One day after another, I realized how poor was the quality of health services and health education among patients and how it deeply affected people in my community. Most importantly, the lack of attention government and local leaders paid to public health issues, have led me to realize that it is not more physicians as to what our country needs, but someone to point out problems and propose effective solutions.. My first introduction to the public health arena was in a course that I took in my medical school. I immediately knew that this is what I was looking for; the opportunity to help the entire community to improve their overall health. I loved working with a broad scope that public health addresses , promoting the health of the community, and preventing diseases instead of only treating individuals, so I fell in love with this course and thus decided to study public health. I was sure of my choice when I received the highest grade in this course; and I finished my first research paper and designed a patient education brochure describingShow MoreRelatedSWOT Analysis of the Portland Trail Blazers1267 Words   |  6 Pages Mission Statement The Portland Trail Blazers organization is a sports entertainment company dedicated to not only winning NBA Championships, growing new basketball consumers, providing superior entertainment, value and service to the people but making a real difference outside the basketball arena in the local and regional communities. The Trail Blazers work outside the arena to make a difference in the local and regional communities by effectively serving people in need. The Trail BlazersRead MorePolitical Awareness Essay1418 Words   |  6 Pagesaware that today’s health care system has many issues complicating the goal of quality patient care and outcomes for all. Nurse leaders must stay informed and become involved as an advocate influencing changes in policy, laws, and/or regulations that govern the health care system they practice in. At times the advocacy requires a nurse leader to become more involved beyond their immediate level of practice and into the world of politics and po licy. The health care practice arena is impacted by decisionsRead MoreBecoming A Nursing Career : A Deeply Rooted Love For The Medical Field938 Words   |  4 Pagesimmediately joined the military as a 68W Health Care Specialist with hopes of furthering my experience in the medical field. It was not until I began working as a medic that my focus became clear on exactly who I wanted to be. The Army provided a plethora of possibilities including working in tangent with a variety of medical professionals from many different fields. From working with Physician Assistants to OBGYNs, the exposure to all areas in the medical arena was a valued experience. In the midstRead MoreEssay on Codes of Practice1513 Words   |  7 PagesEthics and values apply to our personal and professional lives. Ethics are a notion of one’s actions, which originates from ideology of an individual doing what is right not wrong. According to the dictionary ethics is the â€Å"branch of philosophy dealing with values relating to human conduct, with respect to the rightness and wrongness of certain actions and to the goodness and badness of the motives and ends of such actions.† These beliefs are amassed to help a person determine how their actions willRead MoreIntroduction to Counselling Concepts1740 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction to Counselling Concepts DRAFT Learner Statement 1: 31/1/06 - I am delighted to begin my path towards future mastery of counselling skills. I have already developed a strong background in mediation and psychology with numerous accreditations to my name. In undertaking my studies in counselling skills I seek to expand my repertoire of knowledge and understanding in the broad psychosocial arena, and add some useful new abilities to my professional ‘toolkit’. The counsellingRead MoreThe Policy Issue Of Family Caregivers1080 Words   |  5 Pagestheir home. The role of a family member as a primary providers should be acknowledged by the government as they are saving billions of health care costs as a result of informal caregiving. The American Association of Retired Persons (2015) reported that the estimated economic value of unpaid caregiving by the family members was $470 billion in 2013. Problem Statement: Gordon and Barrington (2016) recognized that there is a great need of a policy to offer support to family caregivers because everyRead MoreHistory of Education and Philosophy of Nurse Education1416 Words   |  6 PagesCapella University Abstract Each educator brings to the academic arena their own personal nursing philosophy that is based on experience and is historic in nature. By studying the history of nursing, the educator is able to guide the student through their education process. As an educator the nurse becomes an extension of one’s own personal philosophy. Nursing theory serves as the foundation on which to develop a personal philosophy and characterizes nursing as a profession based on the artRead MoreRebuttal: End of Men973 Words   |  4 Pages but that would have been to the detriment of her argument. Hanna Rosin makes a claim that the reign of men is over and is no longer dominant in the postindustrial era. Rosin argues the point that women are dominating the workforce and presents statements such as â€Å"Men dominate just two of the 15 job categories projected to grow the most over the next decade: janitor and computer engineer.† Also, she argues the point that women are dominating the field of education where she mention â€Å" Earlier thisRead MoreEmployee Engagement and Organizational Success1179 Words   |  5 PagesLeaders also try to achieve the same quality for their own status, which allows them to pursue greater strength, achieve personal goals and future endeavours. According to a recent study conducted by Psychometrics Canada a pioneer in research assessment, has mentioned in one of its report that employee engagement in the organisation plays a major role in the success of any organisation. Accordingly it says that the best way to increase the relation is by working out a strategy that builds positiveRead MoreAmerican Nurses Association ( Ana )1172 Words   |  5 Pagesstudent nurse as well. Several nursing organizations are geared towards specialties, ethnicity, location, education level or gender (Matthews, J., 2012, n.p.). Nursing organizations also lobby federally for the profession as a wh ole as well as for the public (Schroeder, R., 2013, August, pg.99). For the purpose of this paper I will focus on five specific organizations and the manner in which they represent the registered and student nurse population. American Nurses Association (ANA) The American Nurses

American Revolutionary War Free Essays

The United States is the world’s largest economy; it is also one of the world’s best forms of a presidential democracy. The United States declared its independence in 1776 and defeated Great Britain with help from France in the American Revolutionary War. As Seymour Martin Lipset points out, â€Å"The United States was the first major colony successfully to revolt against colonial rule. We will write a custom essay sample on American Revolutionary War or any similar topic only for you Order Now In this sense, it was the first ‘new nation. ‘† (Lipset, The First New Nation (1979) p. 2) On July 4, 1776, the Second Continental Congress, still meeting in Philadelphia, declared the independence of a nation called â€Å"the United States of America† in the Declaration of Independence, primarily authored by Thomas Jefferson. July 4 is celebrated as the nation’s birthday. The new nation was dedicated to principles of republicanism, which emphasized civic duty and a fear of corruption and hereditary aristocracy. Politics of the United States takes place in a framework of a presidential republic, whereby the President of the United States is head of state, head of government, and of a two-party legislative and electoral system. The federal government shares sovereignty with the state governments, with the Supreme Court balancing the rights of each. The United States federal government is comprised of three main branches (the executive branch, legislature and the judiciary). The executive branch: Executive power is exercised by the executive branch, which is headed by the President and is independent of the legislature. The Executive branch consists of the President of the United States and his delegates. The President is the head of state and head of government, as well as the military commander-in-chief and chief diplomat. The President, according to the Constitution, must â€Å"take care that the laws be faithfully executed. † The President may sign or veto legislation passed by Congress. He may be impeached by a majority in the House and removed from office by a two-thirds majority in the Senate for â€Å"treason, bribery, or other high crimes and misdemeanors. † The removal of the President has happened nine times in U. S history. Bill Clinton was the last president to be impeached after the Monica Lewinsky scandal. He was impeached on December 19, 1998 by the House of Representatives on grounds of perjury to a grand jury (by a 228–206 vote) and obstruction of justice (by a 221–212 vote). Two other articles of impeachment failed—a second count of perjury in the Jones case (by a 205–229 vote), and one accusing President Clinton of abuse of power (by a 148–285 vote). He was acquitted by the Senate The President may not dissolve Congress or call special elections, but does have the power to pardon criminals convicted of offenses against the federal government, enact executive orders, and (with the consent of the Senate) appoint Supreme Court justices and federal judges. The two main functions of the executive in many governments are: To collect taxes and customs duties and to use the money to pay the salaries of government employees and other government expenditure; To provide the internal and external security of the state. This is mainly done by maintaining a police force and armed forces. Legislature: The congress is the legislative arm of the government. Legislative power is vested in the two chambers of Congress, the Senate and the House of Representatives. The congress is bicameral, comprised of the House of Representatives and the Senate. The House of Representatives consists of 435 members, each of whom represents a congressional district and serves for a two-year term. House seats are apportioned among the states by population; in contrast, each state has two Senators, regardless of population. There are a total of 100 senators (as there are currently 50 states), who serve six-year terms (one third of the Senate stands for election every two years). Each congressional chamber (House or Senate) has particular exclusive powers—the Senate must give â€Å"advice and consent† to many important Presidential appointments, and the House must introduce any bills for the purpose of raising revenue. However, the consent of both chambers is required to make any law. The powers of Congress are limited to those enumerated in the Constitution; all other powers are reserved to the states and the people. The Congress has the responsibility to monitor and influence aspects of the executive branch. Congressional oversight prevents waste and fraud, protects civil liberties and individual rights, ensures executive compliance with the law, gathers information for making laws and educating the public, and evaluates executive performance. It applies to cabinet departments, executive agencies, regulatory commissions, and the presidency. Congress’s oversight function takes many forms including: Committee inquiries and hearings Formal consultations with and reports from the President Senate advice and consent for presidential nominations and for treaties House impeachment proceedings and subsequent Senate trials House and Senate proceedings under the 25th Amendment in the event that the President becomes disabled or the office of the Vice President fall vacant Informal meetings between legislators and executive officials Congressional membership on governmental commissions Studies by congressional committees and support agencies such as the Congressional Budget Office, and the Government Accountability Office, both of which are arms of Congress Powers of Congress: The Constitution grants numerous powers to Congress. These include the powers: to levy and collect taxes in order to pay debts, provide for common defense and general welfare of the U. S. ; to borrow money on the credit of the U. S. ; to regulate commerce with other nations and between the states; to establish a uniform rule of naturalization; to coin money and regulate its value; provide for punishment of counterfeiting; establish post offices and roads, promote progress of science, create courts inferior to the Supreme Court, define and punish piracies and felonies, declare war, raise and support armies, provide and maintain a navy, make rules for the regulation of land and naval forces, provide for the militia, arm and discipline the militia, exercise exclusive legislation in Washington D. C, and make laws necessary to execute the powers of Congress. Judiciary: Judicial power is exercised by the judicial branch (or judiciary), comprised of the Supreme Court and lower federal courts. The function of the judiciary is to interpret the United States Constitution as well as the federal laws and regulations. This includes resolving disputes between the executive and legislative branches. The highest court is the Supreme Court of the United States. The court deals with matters pertaining to the Federal Government, disputes between states, and interpretation of the United States Constitution, and can declare legislation or executive action made at any level of the government as unconstitutional, nullifying the law and creating precedent for future law and decisions. Below the Supreme Court are the courts of appeals, and below them in turn are the district courts, which are the general trial courts for federal law. Separate from, but not entirely independent of, this federal court system are the individual court systems of each state, each dealing with its own laws and having its own judicial rules and procedures. The supreme court of each state is the final authority on the interpretation of that state’s laws and constitution. A case may be appealed from a state court to the U. S. Supreme Court only if there is a federal question (an issue arising under the U. S. Constitution, or laws/treaties of the United States). The relationship between federal and state laws is quite complex; together, they form the law of the United States. The federal judiciary consists of the Supreme Court of the United States, whose justices are appointed for life by the President and confirmed by the Senate, and various â€Å"lower† or â€Å"inferior courts,† among which are the United States Courts of Appeals and the United States District Courts. There are other courts, such as the bankruptcy courts and the tax court, which are specialized courts handling only certain kinds of cases. The judicial power extends to cases arising under the Constitution, an Act of Congress, or a treaty of the United States; cases affecting ambassadors, ministers, and consuls of foreign countries in the United States. The Constitution safeguards judicial independence by providing that federal judges shall hold office â€Å"during good behavior†. Usually they serve until they die, retire, or resign. A judge who commits an offense while in office may be impeached in the same way as the President or other officials of the federal government. The power of the federal courts extends both to civil actions for damages and other redress, and to criminal cases arising under federal law. A constitutional provision prohibits Congress from reducing the pay of any judge—Congress could enact a new lower salary applying to future judges, but not to those already serving. Conclusion: In the united states there exist a system of separation of powers (this is a political doctrine under which the legislative, executive and judicial branches of government are kept distinct, to prevent abuse of power). Through a system of separation of powers or â€Å"checks and balances,† each of these branches has some authority to act on its own, some authority to regulate the other two branches, and has some of its own authority, in turn, regulated by the other branches. In addition, the powers of the federal government as a whole are limited by the Constitution. This system of checks and balances is what has enabled the three branches to co-exist together. References: Seymour Martin Lipset (2003), First New Nation (Ppr): The United States in Historical and Comparative Perspective, Transaction Publishers, U. S. The official United States website, retrieved on 28th April 2007, available at: www. usa. gov/ Web article, United States history, retrieved on 28th April 2007, available at: www. wikipedia. org/wiki/U. S. _government Web article, Politics of the United States, retrieved on 28th April 2007, available at: www. wikipedia. org/wiki/Politics_of_the_United_States How to cite American Revolutionary War, Papers

Mahatma Gandhi and Indian cinema Essay Example For Students

Mahatma Gandhi and Indian cinema Essay Mahatma Gandhi was a multi-faceted man, one whose writings spanned every subject under the sun, including: agriculture, education, science, sanitation, economics, literature, industry, women, children, health, family planning, religion, and, of course, politics. Many were surprised to learn of his prolific writing, and were astounded to hear that he had probably written more than anyone else in history (his collected works run to over 100 volumes, several hundred pages each). Mahatma Gandhi was born during an era of progressive evolution of communication technology. Unfortunately, he was born in a country, which was under the clutches of foreign rule. Mahatma Gandhi, was a passionate opponent of modernity and technology, preferring the pencil to the typewriter, the loincloth to the business suit, the plowed field to the belching manufactory, printed words to moving pictures. Moving pictures made its appearance in India at the beginning of the twentieth century, when the country was poised for major social and political changes. A society that had remained unchanged for centuries was being transformed in the face of technological innovations. Cars, airplanes, radio broadcasts and photograph records had recently been introduced, bringing with them new status symbols as well as access to foreign ideas. At the same time, the press had become a new force in the formation of public opinion as regional language newspapers, including those in Hindi, were being published around the country. It was against this background that cinema arrived. In the decades that followed it was to assume the dimensions of a major socio-cultural force. Mahatma Gandhi expressed his disapproving ideas on cinema in 1927 when the Indian Cinematograph Committee sent him to him a request accompanied with a questionnaire, on what were his views on cinema. Gandhiji returned the questionnaire with an unfavourable comment in a letter address to T. Rangachriar, Chairman of the Committee, stating he had views to offer as he negated cinema as sinful technology. The letter dated November 12,1927 said:Even if was so minded, I should be unfit t o answer your questionnaire as I have never been a cinema. But even to outsiders that it has done and is doing is patent. The good if it has done at all, remains to be proved. He even refused to send a message to a souvenir, which was to be published on the occasion of silver jubilee celebration of Indian cinema in1938. Mahatma s secretary curtly replied ;As a rule Gandhi gives messages only on rare occasions and this is only for a cause whose virtue is ever undoubtful. As for cinema industry, he has the least interest in it and one may not expect a word of appreciation from him.; Gandhis dislike for cinema appeared a few times in Harijan, a paper edited by him. Gandhi said in an interview published in May 3,1942 issue of the paper. If I began to organise picketing in respect of them (the evil of cinema), I should lose my caste, my mahatmashipI may say that cinema films are often bad. About the radio I do not know. Mahatma Gandhis persistent aversion to this innovative tool of western technology created a virtual disappointment in the film circle in India. Even Khwaja Ahmed Abbas, the noted film personality wrote a long letter to Gandhi pleading him to reconsider his views on cinema. One interesting portion of his letter is, I think, worth mentioning here: ; Today I bring for your scrutiny and approval a new toy my generation has learned to play with, the CINEMA! You include cinema among evils like gambling, satta, horseracing etc .. Now if these statements had come from any other person, it was not necessary to be worried about them But your case is different. .uaab75d9a5c930043fe3ad21843ceaae0 , .uaab75d9a5c930043fe3ad21843ceaae0 .postImageUrl , .uaab75d9a5c930043fe3ad21843ceaae0 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uaab75d9a5c930043fe3ad21843ceaae0 , .uaab75d9a5c930043fe3ad21843ceaae0:hover , .uaab75d9a5c930043fe3ad21843ceaae0:visited , .uaab75d9a5c930043fe3ad21843ceaae0:active { border:0!important; } .uaab75d9a5c930043fe3ad21843ceaae0 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uaab75d9a5c930043fe3ad21843ceaae0 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uaab75d9a5c930043fe3ad21843ceaae0:active , .uaab75d9a5c930043fe3ad21843ceaae0:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uaab75d9a5c930043fe3ad21843ceaae0 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uaab75d9a5c930043fe3ad21843ceaae0 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uaab75d9a5c930043fe3ad21843ceaae0 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uaab75d9a5c930043fe3ad21843ceaae0 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uaab75d9a5c930043fe3ad21843ceaae0:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uaab75d9a5c930043fe3ad21843ceaae0 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uaab75d9a5c930043fe3ad21843ceaae0 .uaab75d9a5c930043fe3ad21843ceaae0-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uaab75d9a5c930043fe3ad21843ceaae0:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Hamlet And Revenge Theme Essay In view of the great position you hold in this country, and I may say in the world, even the slightest expression of your opinion carries much weight with millions of people. And one of the worlds most useful inventions would be allowed to be discarded or what is worse left alone to be abused by unscrupulous people. You are a great soul, Bapu. In your heart there is no room for prejudice. Give this little toy of ours, the cinema, which .